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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Public bookcase ： ウィキペディア英語版 Public bookcase A public bookcase is a cabinet which may be freely and anonymously used for the exchange and storage of books without the formalities associated with libraries. When in public places these cabinets are of a robust and weatherproof design which are available at all times. However, cabinets installed in public or commercial buildings may be simple, unmodified book-shelves and may only be available during certain periods. == Origin == Closely allied with the Bookcrossing concept, the original public bookcases were conceived as artistic acts.〔(''Book Crossing: Offene Bücherschränke in Bonn'', reticon-Report von Martin Ragg, 2. April 2006 )〕 Very early examples are the creations of performance artist duo Clegg & Guttmann in 1991. Collections of bookcases were conceived as "free open-air libraries" in Darmstadt and Hannover in the late 1990s.〔(''Die Geschichte der Offenen Bibliotheken'' auf hannover.de )〕 In 2002, the Bonn Community Foundation awarded Trixy Royeck funding for her idea "outdoor books -- books in the open" which she submitted while studying interior design in Mainz〔(''Bürgerstiftung Bonn stellt offenen Bücherschrank auf'', Presseerklärung der Bürgerstiftung Bonn, 15. November 2003 )〕 and since this time the concept has been widely replicated.〔(''‚Bücherwald’- erstes öffentliches Bücherregal im Berliner Straßenraum'', Presseerklärung Berliner Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung, 27. Juni 2008 )〕 A public bookcase opened in 2010 in Vienna, Austria. In Basel, Switzerland, where many coffee shops and other venues host open bookshelves,〔(Öffentliche Bücherregale )〕 a public bookcase was unveiled in June 2011.〔(Medienmitteilung der Christoph Merian Stiftung vom 14. Juni 2011. )〕〔(3land.info: ''dies & das & ein neuer Bücherschrank'' )〕 Open bookcases are financed by a wide range of organisations (individuals, foundations, Lions Clubs, civic associations, and so on〔(Das JüLichT: ''Jülich ganz „sozial“'' ) Beitrag 2. September 2010〕). In truly public bookcases, each citizen decides which books to deposit and borrow, and whether to return or exchange borrowed books for others. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Public bookcase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.